Mainframes

Brief History｜ Exhibits｜

year/month Timeline
1963　
【World】 MIT launched Project MAC, a cutting-edge research project that examined operating systems and artificial intelligence, among other topics
1964/02 Hitachi & Japan Railroad developed the seat-reservation system, MARS 101
1964/04 NEC announced an economical small computer, NEAC-2200
1964/04
【World】 IBM announced System/360 with a unified architecture for all model sizes
1964/05 Fujitsu announced a medium (scale) general purpose computer, FACOM 230(later renamed to FACOM 230-30)
1964/06 NEC completed the basic unit of the NEAC-L2, which utilized the new concept of current-switched high-speed circuitry
1964/09 Hitachi developed HITAC 5020, the first large general purpose computer in Japan
1964/10 Toshiba developed a digital scientific computer(micro -programming), TOSBAC 3400 with Univ. of Kyoto
1964/10
Toshiba made a contract of technological support by GE
1964/11 Electric Computer Technology Research Association developed a very large computer, FONTAC
1965/01 Fujitsu announced FACOM 270 series which was developed specifically for scientific and engineering computing and real-time control processing
1965/03 ETL developed the large transistor-computer, ETL Mark VI
1965/03
Fujitsu announced a small business computer, FACOM 230-10
1965/05 【Mitsui Bank】Online banking system
1965/05 NEC announced NEAC series 2200, which was the first one-machine-concept model in Japan
1965/05
Bank of Mitsui began to operate the online-banking system
1965/09 Hitachi announced medium and large, general purpose computer, HITAC 8000 series
1965/11 Toshiba announced a digital business-computer (micro-programming), TOSBAC-5100
1965/11
【World】MIT, Bell Lab, and General Electric announced MULTICS, a time-sharing operating system for mainframes
1965/12 Hitachi Announced the HITAC-8100 small business computer.
1966/01 Mitsubishi Electric announced a family-concept computer, MELCOM3100 series
1966/08 Hitachi announced HITAC 8210, the medium-scale, general purpose computer using integrated circuits
1966/10 Establishment of Japan Software (joint investment by NEC, Hitachi, and Fujitsu)
1966/10 NEC developed NEAC series 2200 model 500, a large scale general purpose computer which used IC's in full scale first in Japan.
1966/10
Japan Software Co.Ltd. was established by NEC, Hitachi and Fujitsu
1966/12 Launch of the large ultra-high-performance computer development project
1966/12 Oki-Univac Co., Ltd. developed OUK9400, adopted the disk operating system, builded with integrated circuits
1966/12
VHSCS(Very High Speed Computer System)project started
1967/09 Mitsubishi Electric developed a scientific online computer, MELCOM 9100 system group 30
1968/01 Osaka Univ. began to operate the time sharing system, MAC system first in Japan
1968/01
【World】IBM developed IBM S/360 model 85(the first cache memory model)
1968/03 Fujitsu developed a large general purpose computer, FACOM 230-60 using integrated circuits(supporting multiprocessor system)
1968/08 Fujitsu announced a medium and large scale general purpose computer built with integrated circuits, FACOM 230-25, 35 and 45
1968/10 NTT made a trial experiment of cooperative use of TSS by DIPS-0 multi processor
1968/11 NEC announced a very large TSS computer, NEAC series 2200 model 700
1968　
【World】 IBM developed the database management software called IMS
1969/01
【World】 IBM announced software unbundling
1969/04 NTT, NEC, Hitachi and Fujitsu began to do cooperative research about the large data-communication computer, DIPS-1
1969　
【World】 The U.S. DoD Advanced Research Projects Agency built the ARPANET, the precursor of the Internet.
1969　
【World】 CODASYL published the language specification standard for the network database model
1970/02 Toshiba developed TOSBAC-5600/10, 30, 50 which were domesticative model of GE 600series
1970/04 Mitsubishi Electric announced a large-scale computer, MELCOM 7000 series based on XDS's technology
1970/05
【World】GE withdrew from the computer business
1970/06 Fujitsu developed a very large, general purpose computer, FACOM 230-75
1970/11 Hitachi announced HITAC 8700, a very large general purpose computer, based on the national project, VHSCS
1970　
【World】 IBM announced System/370, which maintained backward compatible with the previous System/360, with some models adopting IC components for the main memory unit
1970　
【World】 Edgar F. Codd (IBM) proposed the relational model for database management
1971/09
【World】RCA withdrew from the computer business
1971/10 NEC announced NEAC series 2200 model 375, 575, which adapted to an online real time transaction
1971/10
NTT developed DIPS-1 (experimental model)
1971　 Hitachi announced a middel range, general purpose computer, HITAC 8350, 8450 with more price/performance ratio than HITAC 8000 series
1972/03 Japanese three R&D groups (Fujitsu-Hitachi, NEC-Toshiba, Mitsubishi-Oki) submitted a new computer development plan to MITI
1972/03
NTT installed DIPS-1 (experimental model) to Shiba telephone office
1972/07 Hitachi announced HITAC 8250, a mid-range general purpose computer using MSI and IC memory for faster speeds and a smaller footprint.
1972/08
【World】IBM announced S/370 model 158, 168(virtual memory system)
1973/02
【World】 IBM added multiprocessor architectures to S/370 model 158 and model 168
1973/08 Fujitsu announced a general purpose computer with a virtual memory architecture, FACOM 230-8 series
1974 Second online banking movement
1974/05 Mitsubishi Electric & Oki announced the large computer, COSMO series
1974/05 NEC & Toshiba announced ACOS series 77 system 200, 300, 400, 500
1974/09
【World】 IBM announced its computer network architecture, SNA
1974/11 Fujitsu & Hitachi announced a general purpose computer, M series
1974/11 NEC & Toshiba announced ACOS series 77 system 600, 700
1974　
The Second Bank Online began to operate
1974　
【World】 IBM announced IBM System/3 for small businesses
1975/01
【World】 IBM announced IBM System/32 for small businesses that came with application software
1975/05 Mitsubishi Electric & Oki announced a middle range computer, COSMO series model 500
1975/06
【World】 Amdahl shipped the very first IBM-compatible 470V/6 machine (produced by Fujitsu) to NASA
1975/09 NTT developed DIPS-11/10 series aimed at expansion of an application domain
1977/03
【World】 IBM announced the midrange IBM 3033 model as part of the System/370 series
1977/04 NTT, NEC, Hitachi, Fujitsu, and Oki Electric Industry started joint research of data-communications network architecture ( DCNA ) which realizes mutual use of the resources between different-types of computers
1978/01 Establishment of JIS C 6226 — Code of the Japanese Graphic Character Set for Information Interchange
1978/01 Fujitsu announced the world-largest and fastest, very large general purpose computer, FACOM M-200
1978/09 Hitachi announced the world-fastest, very large, general purpose computer, HITAC M-200H
1978/10
【World】 IBM announced System/38, which used a single level of memory
1978　
JIS Japanese character code was made
1979/01
【World】 IBM announced the midrange mainframe IBM 4300 series, a part of the System/370 series
1979/02 NEC announced a small computer, ACOS system 250, which could do processing at multi dimention
1979/04 Fujitsu announced a middle range, general purpose computer, FACOM M-130F, 140F, 150F and 160F
1979/04 Fujitsu announced JEF(Japanese Processing Extended Feature)
1979/06 Hitachi announced a middle range, general purpose computer, HITAC M-160H, 150H and 140H
1979/10
NEC announced general-purpose computers ACOS system 350, system 450 and system 550, which emplyed high-speed bipolar LSIs with the world highest density of 1, 200 gates/chip at that time.
1979/12 NTT developed the DIPS-11/5 series, which reached the top-level performance in the world at that time
1979/12 Mitsubishi Electric announced the high-end model of COSMO series, model 900 II
1979　 Mitsubishi Electric announced the middle-range computer COSMO 700 series and COSMO 800 series oriented for interactive and distributed processing
1980/09
【World】NAS announced the IBM-compatible AS9000 (manufactured by Hitachi)
1980/09 NEC announced ACOS system 1000, a general purpose computer with the highest speed in the world.
1981/02 Hitachi announced the M-200 series which was enhanced model of M series
1981/05 Fujitsu announced a very large, general purpose computer, FACOM M-380 and 382
1981/10
【World】 IBM announced the 3081K based on the 370/XA architecture that expanded the address space to 31 bits
1982　
World — IBM created a large general-purpose mainframe 308X series, with the 3084 as the advanced model of the 3081 and the 3083 as the advanced model of the 3081
1983/01 Hitachi announced HITAC L series for OA system
1983/04 NEC announced a small computer for total OA system, ACOS system 410
1983/11 NTT developed a small machine, DIPS-V series which adopted the 20k gate CMOS-VLSI
1983　
【World】 IBM shipped the small System/36 computer
1985/01 Mitsubishi Electric announced a general purpose computer, MELCOM EX series
1985/02 NEC announced the world-largest and fastest general purpose computer, ACOS system 1500 series
1985/03 Hitachi announced M-600 series ( M-68X, M-66X, M-620/630/640 ) which was succesor machine of M-200
1985/09 NTT developed the large-scale highly reliable computer system, DIPS-11/5E series adopting 100Mbps optical-fiber loop complex configuration
1985/11 NTT developed the small DIPS-V Enhanced series to enlarge the performance range
1985/11 Fujitsu announced the world-fastest, very large computer, FACOM M-780
1985　 MITI began the Sigma System Project for impoving software development efficiently
1986/02 NEC announced the largest and fastest general purpose computer, ACOS system 2000 series
1987/07 NEC announced a small-scale general-purpose computer ACOS system 3300, which realized compactness by employing 3 dimentional packaging using a SIM (Single Inline memory Module) with memory chips surface-mounted on both sides.
1988/11
【World】IBM announced the AS/400 business processing computer
1988　 NTT developed the DIPS database processing equipment (RINDA) which accelerated 2 figures of data search processings
1988　 NTT, IBM, DEC, NEC, Hitachi and Fujitsu started a joint research of Multivendor Integration Architecture ( MIA ) Which prescribes NTT general-purpose computer procurement specifications
1990/06 Hitachi announced M-880 processor group, a very large, general purpose computer with the highest speed in the world.
1990/07 NEC announced ACOS system 3800, a general purpose computer with the highest speed in the world.
1990/09 Fujitsu announced the world-fastest, very large general purpose computer, FUJITSU M-1800 model
1990/09
【World】 IBM announced System/390 based on the ESA/390 architecture consisting of a product line centering on the ES/9000 processor family
1990　 NTT developed DIPS-11/5EX series which was the successor of 5E series
1991/04 Mitsubishi Electric announced the MELCOM EX900 series of large mainframe computers in partnership with IBM Japan
1991/12 Hitachi announced the HITAC M-840 group of compact and mid-range mainframe computers with PC database server functions for end users
1992/02 Hitachi announced the HITAC M-860 group that acted as total management servers
1994/05 Fujitsu announced the new M-1000 series of global servers designed for the client-server age
1994/05 NEC rolled out the Parallel ACOS series, including the AX7300 line of compact mainframes, the PX7500 line of mid-sized mainframes, in July, and the PX7800 line of large and very-large mainframes, in December
1995/04 Hitachi announced the MP5800 high-end enterprise servers, featuring bipolar-CMOS LSI technology (ACE)
1995/05 Fujitsu announced the global server GS8000 series, which used standard CMOS processors in large mainframes
1996/03 NEC began selling the Parallel ACOS PX7900 mainframes, which could be equipped with as many as 32 single-chip CMOS processors
1998/01 Fujitsu announced the GS8800 model group, the top-end model group from the GS8000 series, featuring very-high-density MCMs
1998/04 NEC began selling the Parallel ACOS series PX7800SV and the PX7600SV lines, which could be equipped with as many as 32 NOAH-4 CMOS processors
1999/10 Hitachi announced the MP6000 high-end enterprise servers, featuring ACE2 technology
2000/05 Fujitsu announced the PRIMEFORCE line, a hybrid configuration between a mainframe and an open platform
2000/05 NEC began selling the Parallel ACOS i-PX7300 line, which ran on the Pentium III Xeon processor through emulation

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