【University of Tokyo】 PC-1 Parametron Computer

The parametron-based PC-1 computer was prototyped in 1958 at the University of Tokyo. The parametron was invented by Eiichi Goto in the laboratory of Hidetosi Takahasi at the Department of Physics, University of Tokyo. The PC-1 was a fixed point binary computer with an 18-bit short word for instructions, and an 18-bit short word and 36-bit long word for numerical values. The instruction set resembled the EDSAC, but was partially changed. A 512 short word dual-frequency magnetic core memory was used for the PC-1 memory unit. Operation time was 0.4ms for addition/subtraction, and for 36-digit binary numbers, was 4.4ms for multiplication and 16.1ms for division. The initial order used in the input/output program was created by Eiiti Wada (University of Tokyo), by incorporating innovations to reduce the number of instruction words. These innovations were developed by referring to the initial order of EDSAC. At the time, this was the only electronic computer which could be used in the Department of Physics of the University of Tokyo, and it was used for various scientific calculations, and for research on programming techniques. Today, the actual PC-1 no longer exists, but Eiiti Wada has created a PC-1 simulator which runs on a notebook PC, and the programs from that time are still operating.


Hidetosi Takahasi (right) and the inventor of the parametron, Eiichi Goto, standing in front of the PC-1Parametron used in the PC-1The first parametron adder
Parametron used in the above adderPrototype arithmetic unitAssembly of the PC-1 memory matrix
Assembly of the address selector parametron for the PC-1 memoryVacuum tubes are visible in the indicator driver of the PC-1 register sectionThe PC-1 and Eiichi Goto
PC-1 2-frequency memory type core matrixMemory section of the PC-1Eiichi Goto adjusting the PC-1 memory circuits
 
PC-1 operation panel and indicatorsPC-1 main unit drive power supply At the top is a 3-phase clock oscillator